Recoil mechanism.



E. GRAY.

.REGOIL MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED MAZG, 1 912.

Patented Get. i912.

I HEX 1 Altman UNITED nncorn MncnANisM.

Patented Oct. 29,1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEST GRAY, a citizen of the United States, residing-at Ogden, Utah, have invented new and useful ImprovementsinRecoil Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to recoil checking mechanism particularly adapted vfor automatic small arms.

The invention is here exemplified as applying to an automatic rifle or gun.

- One of the objects of the invention is tov provide an eflicient air checkto cooperate with the'recoil spring.

' Another object is to make the pneumatic check action adjustable. Y r

A further object is to provide means for checking the return movement pfl the barrel.

7 The characteristics and advantages of the invention are further pointed out so far as is necessary in connection with a detailed description. of the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a side view, tudinal section, of embodying, the mvention. Fig. 2 is'a similar view showing the barrel in rearward or recoil position. Fig. 3 ,is a front end view. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of-Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a modification.

Reference character 1 designates the reciprocating barrel and 2 the tubular maga- 121118, fixed at its rear end.

. ries a lug 5 embracing the magazine, and-"to Theifrecoil testing-i a n l this the recoil cylinder 6 is screwed. The. cylinier slides-about the magazineand within th" tubular fore-end or forearm 7.v At its forward end, desirably, the cylinder is braced by means of a lug 8 secured to the barrel. spring 10 is located ,about the ina'gazme; and. acts againgt lug 5. To pro-.

vide a bearing for -the" cylinder, themagaine cap 12 constitutes also a piston having rmgs 1'3 or oth'er suitablepackingiengaging the cylinder. The m1 1 zine caniis screwed down upgnlghef ztront on of thefmagazme' as "the from; 'end.of the cylinder 'isa'revoli1'ble disk li M extending outward p v 7 {th "lug and provided with a knurled'iiut l7 andgpointer 18 which may Th s through'a hole in point to calibrations the "lug.

is provided wither 'i'c'f shaped port 20, and the disk is also pioyided" with a similar port 21. By 'rotatingthe -thumhf-nut; the

partly in longi- The barrel car a piston within the cylinder;

musics, or osnnn, UTAH.

disk is turned and theopenings 20 and 21 I are brought more or less into or out of registry to vary vthe efii'ective size of the exhaust from the cylinder andthis is done ac-' cording to the calibrations on thelug in ac-' cordance with the power of ammunition to be. used. The cylinderisusually provided with a relief opening or. port 30 which may be located,justforward of the magazine cap when the barrel is in forward position, as

shown in Fig. 1. r

When the barrel recoils upon firing, the cyllnder slides back over its piston 12.' As

soon as port 30 passes the end of the piston the body of air is compressed. in the forward end of the cylinder and this escaping more or less slowly through the ports 20, 21, brings the barrel properly to rest without shock or jar. This effect may be assisted by the suction or vacuum created in the space 40 between the. lug 5 and the rear end of the magazine cap or pistorn, as the barrel approaches its rearward position. As soon as the port 30 passes the rearward end of the piston this vacuum may be more-or less satisfied by passage of air through the port and when desired this may be facili- I tated by a hole or port 50 through the forearm. The recoil spring 1( now returns the barrel to forward position and the final movement of the barrel is cushioned and f the cylinder andby air compressed in the chamber 40 as soon as port 30 passes forward of the rear end of the piston.

Fig. '5 shows a construction in which the I properly checked by suction in the front end check cylinder 60 is securedto the barrel only at its forward end-,-in this case adjustably, by means of a slotted lug 61 and screw 62. The port adjustment for the cylinder in this case is by means of a revoluble sleeve "63 with ports 64 'i'egistering with suite le ports in the cylinder. The packing in t is 7 case consists of cupped leather washers 70 71, secured to the front end of the magazine cap by a fiat headed screw 72. IclaIm: 1. In a small arm, the recoil mechanism comprisinga barrel, a cylinder fixed thereto,

a recoil spring and a magazine rigidly "fixed with respect to the. stock and constituting 2.111 a small arm, the combination of a barrel, a recoil spring, a cylinder secured as barrel, 9. fixed magazine within the cylinder and constituting a piston therein, and an adjustable escape port in the cylin- 3. In fire-arms, the combination of a fi-Xed magazine, a cap therefor constituting a, piston, a reciprocating barrel, a recoil spring, a cylinder secured to the barrel and cooperating with the piston, a recoil check space being formed within the cylinder forspace being formed within the cylinder for ward of the piston, a return check-space being formed'within the cylinder to the rear of the piston, and adjustable means" for regulating the escape of air from said recoil space. 5. In fire-arms, v.thecombination of a magazine, a barrel, a recoil-spring, a cylinder secured to the barrel, and a removable magazine cap constituting a piston for the cylinder.

6. In fire-arms, the combination of a fixed magazine, a barrel, a lug thereon embrac ing the magazine,. a recoil spring acting against the 1ug, a cylindervsecured to the lug and aremov'able magazine cap constituting a piston, a recoil chamber being afforded in the-cylinder forward of the piston, and adjustable means for regulating the escape of air from said cylinder.

Witnesses A. S. MESEBVE, Mommnr.

ERNEST G AY, f

Copies, of this patent may be obtained foigjive cents'each,'by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, T.

- Washington, .D. 0. 

